A study conducted at Washington State University 1 in mule deer showed that digestibility energy intake the month prior to the breeding season impacted pregnancy rate and rate of twining. I have weighed freshly harvested deer and weighed the meat yielded. Blood, meat, and bone weight differ across different deer. All points measured from tip of point to nearest edge of beam as illustrated in Figure A. Beam tip is counted as a point, but not measured as a point. Since hunters rarely transport their harvests whole, we will have to contend with means to determine live weight from processed deer. Of the two first-generation hybrids between these two species, a mule is easier to obtain than a hinny, which is the offspring of a female donkey (jenny) and a male horse (stallion). Pack trains were instrumental in opening up the American West as the sure footed animals could carry up to 250 pounds (110 kg), survive on rough forage,[a] did not require feed, and could operate in the arid higher elevations of the Rockies, serving as the main cargo means to the west from Missouri during the heyday of the North American fur trade. Mule deer lack front teeth; they just have a hard palate. ... Mule deer live in various habitats throughout western North America. Male adult weight. A 100 Lbs field dressed carcass belongs to a 126 Lbs deer. The field-dressed weight is the weight of the harvested deer without the innards that is: The hanging weight is a further processed version of the field-dressed weight. 361 6/8 Inches. Young to adult size ratio. Outdoorever.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. That would have given it an estimated live weight of more than 540 pounds. Young fawns are also smaller and weigh less than adults. Mule deer will eat up to 788 different plants species but generally they have a varied diet. Another mechanism to determine deer weight should, therefore, be used. Mules are still used extensively to transport cargo in rugged roadless regions, such as the large wilderness areas of California's Sierra Nevada mountains or the Pasayten Wilderness of northern Washington state. Net Score: 355 2/8 Inches. It can be hunted in the Parque Fernando and Silver Ridge Peaks. [30], Approximately 3.5 million donkeys and mules are slaughtered each year for meat worldwide. This buck has a 26 2/8-inch main beam on the right and a 26 1/8-inch main beam on the left. Source: Wikipedia.org. The second, larger buck has symmetric 2-3″ brow tines. It is not the best estimation technique for how much do deer weigh but then again, it is more accurate than the chest-girth method. Babies are fawns. Age, nutrition and other environmental factors play big roles in a specific deer’s height and weight. If you have hunted across states, you know the average deer weight by state is anything but constant. Weight to meat ratio is, therefore a very accurate means of deer weight estimation. [28] The Angeles chapter of the Sierra Club has a Mule Pack Section that organizes hiking trips with supplies carried by mules. That said, there is a lack of robust scientific evidence to back up these claims. There are mules that resemble huge draft horses, sturdy quarter horses, fine-boned racing horses, shaggy ponies and more. Keep in mind that there are mule deer areas where, genetically, it is common for no browtines or weak browtines, even for big mature deer. Just like the bucks, regaining the lost weight and condition is critical for reproductive success and for surviving the winter. 1:20 . Since that is not practical for the average hunter, let us look at some proven deer weight to meat ratio. This number came about after comparing it with several chest-girth charts. Such research is far from being accepted into the mainstream circles. Availability of food, therefore, determines how much does a deer weigh. Estimated Weight On Hoof: 540-Lbs. I have seen skinny deer with chest girths much bigger than plumper deer. 361 6/8 Inches. Always check the latest hunting gears out in the market and try to share his honest opinion with the audience in OUTDOOR EVER. The coats of mules come in the same varieties as those of horses. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reports that China was the top market for mules in 2003, closely followed by Mexico and many Central and South American nations. Offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare), a limited set of specialized cognitive tests and a small number of subjects, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Eleven Years in the Rocky Mountains and a Life on the Frontier, "Hunter's Specialties: More With Wayne Carlton On Elk Hunting", "Fertile mule in China and her unusual foal", "Befuddling Birth: The Case of the Mule's Foal", "Mule's foal fools genetics with 'impossible' birth", "Mules, mankind share a common history in modern world", "Mule Pack Section, Angeles Chapter, Sierra Club", "Mule train provides lifeline for remote quake survivors", "Colorado miracle mule foal lived short life, but was well-loved", "It's a Mule: UI produces first equine clone", "There Is a Man Wandering Around California With 3 Mules", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mule&oldid=996003405, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Arnold, Watson C. "The Mule: The Worker that 'Can't Get No Respect',", This page was last edited on 24 December 2020, at 00:44. The best way to determine weight would be to weigh a whole deer. The deer field dressed 431 pounds on government-certified scales. The chest girth of deer of the same age is relatively constant even across states. There is preliminary data from at least two evidence based studies, but they rely on a limited set of specialized cognitive tests and a small number of subjects. [33], World War II British Army pack Mule Train in Italy, The "Devil's Bridge" at Schöllenen Gorge, St. Gotthard Pass, Switzerland about 1800 (drawing by Peter Birmann). The wagons were among the largest ever pulled by draft animals, designed to carry 10 short tons (9 metric tons) of borax ore at a time. A young male mule is called a mule colt, and a young female is called a mule filly.[9]. Estimated Weight On Hoof: 540-Lbs. This process usually involves removing the entrails, reproductive tract, heart, lungs, diaphragm and part of the esophagus. In fact, let the two animals be perfect mirror images of each other. In 2003, researchers at University of Idaho and Utah State University produced the first mule clone as part of Project Idaho. The weight varies across sexes, age, environments, and deer species. During the heat of the day, mule deer are generally inactive in order to regulate temperature and conserve water. These deer have large ears, which look very much like those of a mule. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are easy to identify due to their large mule-like ears. With its short thick head, long ears, thin limbs, small narrow hooves, and a short mane, the mule shares characteristics of a donkey. Their generally larger antlers tend to make the Western deer appear considerably bigger although statistics indicate that both the whitetail and the mule deer range in size according to their habitat. Unlike her mother, she was sterile. Although it would be convenient to say a deer’s meat yield is equal to 50 percent of its field-dressed weight, it … It assumes that there is a definite co-relation between girth and mass. Mules historically were used by armies to transport supplies, occasionally as mobile firing platforms for smaller cannons, and to pull heavier field guns with wheels over mountainous trails such as in Afghanistan during the Second Anglo-Afghan War.[17]. It has a 22 1/8-inch inside spread and sports a total of 43 scoreable points. Only the underside of the white-tailed deer’s tail is white, while the mule deer’s tail is all-white with a black tip and is much smaller. This is a giant mule deer. Multiply 150 by 1.26 and the estimated live weight … It is the weight we target with the question, “How much do deer weigh?”. Weapons. To be counted a point, the projection must be at least one inch long, with the length exceeding width at one inch or more of length. Mule deer can weigh 130 to 280 pounds. That translates to meat yield being about 44% of the Live Weight which is very true. Deer is put on sensitive scales as it breathes its last. 15 . The all time low of 99,790 in 2000 was preceded by seven years of drought. A trophy mule deer buck may weigh up to 500 pounds. [10] Their hooves are harder than horses', and they show a natural resistance to disease and insects. Mule deer have a 310 degree view around themselves because of the position of their eyes on the sides of their heads. As a result, the only weight many hunters obtain for their deer is a field-dressed weight, leaving the whole weight of their quarry unknown. The co-relation may be present but, not always. The Broder Buck: The World Record Non-Typical Mule Deer. Let us begin by defining terms we will use. This is the heaviest whitetail deer ever killed. This lack of grass production means less ground cover to provide mule deer does crucial hiding places for their fawns. It can also be implemented right there on the field. 1.4:1 . A mule train is a connected or unconnected line of pack mules, usually carrying cargo. You will notice that whitetail deer weight charts differ from Elk weight charts. Mules and hinnies have 63 chromosomes, a mixture of the horse's 64 and the donkey's 62. Here are some examples of how weight is distributed in Northern deer. This deer is one of the biggest that I have ever seen and one that could hold the record for a very long time! [14][15] Mules are generally taller at the shoulder than donkeys and have better endurance than horses, although a lower top speed.[16][14]. That horse, a stallion, was bred to several mares, which gave birth to live foals that showed no characteristics of the donkey. The different structure and number usually prevents the chromosomes from pairing up properly and creating successful embryos, rendering most mules infertile. 9.5 lbs . Wet years such as 1984, 1985 and 1986 produced good numbers of deer and surveys show an all time high number of deer in the Trans Pecos in 1986 of 221,952. In height and body, shape of neck and rump, uniformity of coat, and teeth, it appears horse-like. Common colors are sorrel, bay, black, and grey. It broke the 50-year record held by the #2 Spot! Doug Burris, Jr., began hunting Colorado's Dolores County area in 1969. [29], During the Soviet–Afghan War, mules were used to carry weapons and supplies over Afghanistan's rugged terrain to the mujahideen. Mule deer antlers are bifurcated; they "fork" as they grow, rather than branching from a single main beam, as is the case with white-taileds. Least common are paint mules or tobianos. The girth method does not take this into consideration. i.e, Live Weight = Field Dressed Weight * 1.26. A stud. "[12], The mule inherits from its sire the traits of intelligence, sure-footedness, toughness, endurance, disposition, and natural cautiousness. Most mule deer hunters will do very well (and shoot better) with cartridges such as the .257 Roberts, .260 Remington, 6.5x55, 7mm-08 and 7x57. "[24][25] It was likely invented in ancient times in what is now Turkey. Mule Deer have standing shoulder heights between 2’8”-3’6” (81-107 cm), head-to-body lengths in the range of 3’7”-5’6” (109-168 cm), and overall weights of 99-330 lb (45-150 kg). Field Dressed Weight= Hanging Weight * 1.33, Live Weight= Hanging Weight * 1.33 * 1.26 (Because Hanging Weight * 1.33= Field Dressed Weight), Live Weight = Hanging Weight * 1.68 (1.33*1.26= 1.6758, rounded off to two decimal places 1.68). For instance: Your deer field dressed is 150 pounds. [19] In China in 2001, a mare mule produced a filly. The Broder Buck: The World Record Non-Typical Mule Deer. Neonate weight. In the second half of the 20th century, widespread usage of mules declined in industrialized countries. While it’s hard to determine size and weight in the field, in Colorado, mule deer tend to be a bit bigger and weigh in a little heavier than white-tailed deer. Females are does. Of course there have been several mule deer harvested by hunters weighing over 400 pounds, but these are few and far between. 100-200 Lbs for mature does. Females are does. Pregnancy is rare, but can occasionally occur naturally as well as through embryo transfer. In many climate and circumstantial instances, an equivalent string of pack horses would have to carry more fodder and sacks of high energy grains such as oats, so could carry less cargo. Mule Deer in the wild can reach a weight of up to 250 pounds. This deer is one of the biggest that I have ever seen and one that could hold the record for a very long time! It broke the 50-year record held by the #2 Spot! Before I delve into this ratio, let me explain why you should be careful with this calculation. Less common are white, roans, palomino, dun, and buckskin. Age, nutrition and other environmental factors play big roles in a specific deer’s height and weight. Any weight discrepancy is suggested to be the weight of the soul or life. Large bucks rarely exceed 95 kg (210 pounds); does weigh about a third less. Have you ever wondered how much does a deer weigh? Aristotle, Historia animalium, 6.24; Varro, De re rustica, 2.1.28). On environments, regions with enough food and sparsely populated deer produce heavy deer. While it’s hard to determine size and weight in the field, in Colorado, mule deer tend to be a bit bigger and weigh in a little heavier than white-tailed deer. Mules sometimes whimper. When it comes to weight, mule deer rate somewhat with the whitetail. Mule deer range from 3 to 3.5 feet (0.9 to 1 meter) tall at the shoulder, 4.5 to 7 feet (1.4 to 2.1 meters) long, and have a … Mule deer have antlers with beams that sweep out and up, forking twice. They are exclusively browsers. Ontario, 1977 Mistakes like poor deer shot placements can also greatly affect the final edible meat yield. This wide allowance for variation is why I am reluctant to add this ratio to my deer weight calculator. Mule Deer Heavy deep forked Mule Deer bucks are highly sought after and Saskatchewan is legendary for producing the kind of bucks that we only dream about. Mule Deer vs White-tailed Deer – Buck Broadside View. Mule deer range from 3 to 3.5 feet (0.9 to 1 meter) tall at the shoulder, 4.5 to 7 feet (1.4 to 2.1 meters) long, and have a … Live Weight= Field Dressed Weight * 1.26, 3. A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare). The Mule Deer does not show marked size variation across its range as does the White-tailed Deer . Deer weight charts founded on the girth method give false readings on many occasions. The head, hide, some neck and inedible leg portions are removed. The Mule Deer is a class 6 deer. 140 lbs . Don’t Miss: The Broder Buck: The World Record Non-Typical Mule Deer. I will not concentrate on edible meat weight in the calculations. The Appaloosa color is produced by a complex of genes known as the Leopard complex (Lp). Although it depends on the individual animal, it has been reported that mules trained by the Army of Pakistan can carry up to 72 kilograms (159 lb) and … Mule deer, ( Odocoileus hemionus ), a medium-sized, gregarious deer of western North America that derives its name from its large ears. This buck has a 26 2/8-inch main beam on the right and a 26 1/8-inch main beam on the left. Bucks (males) weigh as much as 121 – 331 pounds whereas does (females) average 95 – 198 pounds in weight. [19][21][22] Blood and hair samples from the Colorado birth verified that the mother was indeed a mule and the foal was indeed her offspring. 44% give or take 1% in the very extreme is usually true. Males are called bucks. Age range. Granted, this estimate won't pass muster with biologists, but it should be good enough for deer-camp comparisons. Recoil is inversely proportional to rifle weight, so if your ideal mule deer rifle is a lightweight mountain rifle, pick a moderate cartridge. here is american weight Roe Deer - 63-77 lbs Bison - 1686-2028 lbs Wild Boar - 410-529 lbs Red Deer - 462-529 lbs Fallow Deer - 180-220 lbs Roosevelt Elk - 970-1102 lbs Coyote - 52-59 lbs Also, approximate numbers: Moose - up to 1322 lbs Black bear - about 551 lbs Red Fox - 26 lbs for sure, probably even 33 lbs Whitetail Deer - up to 220 lbs [1][2] Horses and donkeys are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes. Babies are fawns. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. The other, sired by a five-gaited Saddlebred stallion, exhibited no characteristics of any donkey. Christopher Columbus brought mules to the new world. Horseback mule deer hunts are the ultimate western hunting experience. While they look like their relative, the whitetail deer, this species lives mostly in the western United States.. You can differentiate them from their whitetail cousin by looking at their ears. Scoreable Points: 22 1/8 Inches (Inside) Mass: Beside above, how big is the world record mule deer? Commercial pack mules are used recreationally, such as to supply mountaineering base camps, and also to supply trail building and maintenance crews, and backcountry footbridge building crews. Live Weight = Edible Meat Weight * 2.27, http://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/WildlifeSpecies/White-tailedDeer/Pages/DeerWeightChart.aspx. Because of the mule's ability to carry at least as much as a horse, their trait of being sure-footed along with their tolerance of poorer coarser foods and abilities to tolerate arid terrains, mule trains were common caravan organized means of animal powered bulk transport back into pre-classical times. Mule deer are the largest of the five types of deer (mule, whitetail, Columbia blacktail, Sitka blacktail, and Couses') in North America. The lifespan of a wild Mule Deer is roughly 15-22 years. The mule is an example of hybrid vigor. Males are called bucks. If you have 50 Lbs of edible meat from a buck and you are wondering how much does a buck weigh, here is how to find out. In the nineteenth century, twenty-mule teams, for instance, were teams of eighteen mules and two horses attached to large wagons that ferried borax out of Death Valley from 1883 to 1889. One of the foals was a female, sired by a jack. Net Score: 355 2/8 Inches. If the Hanging Weight of a carcass is 100 Lbs, the live weight of the deer was approximately 168 Lbs. Mule deer and black-tailed deer (collectively called mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus) are icons of the American West. The World's Record typical mule deer is one of only a few bucks with main beams measuring at or near 30 inches on each side. Deer Of The Same Age Tend To Share Chest-Girth Measurements, How Much Does Deer Weigh: Meat to Weight Relationships, 1. As of October 2002, there had been only 60 documented cases of mules birthing foals since 1527. Image Credit: http://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/WildlifeSpecies/White-tailedDeer/Pages/DeerWeightChart.aspx. The foal's DNA comes from a fetal cell culture first established in 1998 at the University of Idaho. It’s the muscle and fat that make them different. The difference is attributed to the fact that the two deer are of different species. Let me walk you through how this formula came about. Mule deer are typically 3 to 3.5 feet at the shoulder and measure 4.5 to 7 feet long with a 5 to 8 inch tail. Though very popular among many hunters, the method has three main shortcomings. Learn even more about it in the link below. Given the size and range of the mule deer in our area, hunting them on horseback is a must. The accepted range of weight is;150-300 Lbs for mature bucks. Male to female size ratio. Hanging Weight = Edible Meat Weight * 1.35 (Assuming good shot placement, processing, and deboning), Live Weight = Edible Meat Weight * 1.35 * 1.68 (Since Edible Meat Weight * 1.35 = Hanging Weight), Live Weight = Edible Meat Weight * 2.26 ( 1.35* 1.68 = 2.268 Rounded to two decimal places =2.27). [10] The mule comes in all sizes, shapes and conformations. An extremely large buck can stand 42 inches at the shoulder, measure 7 feet long and weigh up to 330 pounds, with the average mature … They were common in Egypt by 3000 BCE. The chart below will help you estimate your deer's live weight, field dressed weight and also edible meat weight. Have you ever wondered how much does a deer weigh? Lake Streeter, A Gun enthusiast, and loves to hunt in the middle of the wood. Learn even more about it in the link below. Mule deer are extraordinarily sensitive to moving objects. Mule deer have antlers with beams that sweep out and up, forking twice. 200 lbs . Our guided mule deer hunts are done off of horseback. [6] Although it depends on the individual animal, it has been reported that mules trained by the Army of Pakistan can carry up to 72 kilograms (159 lb) and walk 26 kilometres (16.2 mi) without resting. This is the heaviest whitetail deer ever killed. They are brownish-gray in color, have a white rump patch and a small white tail with a black tip. Mule deer are typically 3 to 3.5 feet at the shoulder and measure 4.5 to 7 feet long with a 5 to 8 inch tail. Imagine two exactly similar deer. [13]:5–6,8 Mules are reputed to exhibit a higher cognitive intelligence than their parent species. [34] The research team included Gordon Woods, professor of animal and veterinary science at the University of Idaho; Kenneth L. White, Utah State University professor of animal science; and Dirk Vanderwall, University of Idaho assistant professor of animal and veterinary science. The chest-girth method is popular because it does not incorporate a lot of calculation. Most deer hunters field dress their game prior to bringing it in from the field. The scarcity of food during winter may affect the mule deer's weight and size. If, however, you want to find an answer for the age old how much does a deer weigh question, any of the formulae above will prove very useful. An adult buck will weigh from 150–300 pounds (68–140 kg) on the hoof, with does averaging 125–175 pounds (57–79 kg). Geriatric age. 12 . Look no further for the perfect answer to all of the above questions: The .300 Remington Ultra Magnum.This hunting rifle caliber is perfectly capable of meeting all of the above requirements with factory rifles and factory ammo that can be easily found in most of todays gun shops and sporting good stores. Mule Deer vs White-tailed Deer – Buck Broadside View. In many cases, body size is also a key difference. In addition, mule deer do not flash their tails in alarm. We will look at the most accurate deer weight estimation techniques further below. Only the underside of the white-tailed deer’s tail is white, while the mule deer’s tail is all-white with a black tip and is much smaller. For example when the neck is well de-boned and innards, like the heart included in the meat, edible meat weight shoots up. The mule deer grow quite large, and it is not uncommon for a deer to exceed 325 pounds in weight fully dressed out. [11] Charles Darwin wrote: "The mule always appears to me a most surprising animal. A male mule is properly called a horse mule, though often called a john mule, which is the correct term for a gelded mule. Mule deer and black-tailed deer (collectively called mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus) are icons of the American West. Weight of Deer. Mule deer have very good night vision and can detect the movement of predators as far away as 600 meters. Veterinary examinations of the foal and its surrogate mother showed them to be in good health soon after birth. This weight can vary greatly depending on how deer was shot and processed. [8], A female mule that has estrus cycles and thus, in theory, could carry a fetus, is called a "molly" or "Molly mule", though the term is sometimes used to refer to female mules in general. The baby mule, Idaho Gem, was born May 4. The most noticeable differences between white-tailed and mule deer are ear size, tail color, and antler configuration. Hanging Weight is the field dressed deer minus the head, feet and hide. Males grow forked antlers that have 8 to 10 points and spread as much as 4 feet (1.2 m). In modern times, strings of sure footed mules have been used to carry riders in dangerous but scenic back country terrain such as excursions into canyons. Others are full of meat but with smaller girths. Mules can be lightweight, medium weight or when produced from draft horse mares, of moderately heavy weight. Edible meat weight: Multiply edible meat weight by 1.35 to determine live weight. Handlers of working animals generally find mules preferable to horses: mules show more patience under the pressure of heavy weights, and their skin is harder and less sensitive than that of horses, rendering them more capable of resisting sun and rain. The accepted range of weight is; Deer weights have, however, been recorded to exceed the accepted ranges. This is a giant mule deer. The use of mules for farming and transportation of agricultural products largely gave way to steam then gasoline powered tractors and trucks. Lack of fawning cover (grasses such as l… Female adult weight. [24] Homer noted their arrival in Asia Minor in the Iliad in 800 BCE. The weight of a mule deer can range between 115 and 330 pounds with an average of 210 lbs. Mule cars in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. (live weights in parenthesis)Hide Factor 1. 2. [25] George Washington is known as the Father of the American Mule due to his success in producing 57 mules at his home at Mount Vernon. Mules come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors, from minis under 200 lb (91 kg) to over 1,000 lb (454 kg), and in many different colors. They have 11.6 – 23 cm long tail. Able to leap up to ten feet in the air while running, they can reach speeds of 40 miles per hour and change directions on a dime. If the two deer are harvested and processed by different people, chances are that they will yield different amounts of edible meat. 1 Description 2 Features 3 Need Zone Times (Parque Fernando or silver ridge peaks Schedule) 4 Integrity 5 Fur variants 6 Trivia and Patches The mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) is a species of deer named for its ears, which bear a resemblance to the large ears of a mule. Mule deer can weigh 130 to 280 pounds. [31], Mule trains have been part of working portions of transportation links as recently as 2005 by the World Food Programme.[32]. That a hybrid should possess more reason, memory, obstinacy, social affection, powers of muscular endurance, and length of life, than either of its parents, seems to indicate that art has here outdone nature. Ontario, 1977 The chest-girth method is one I discourage. The ratio of the blood weight to meat weight to the bone weight of all deer is relatively constant. The male deer grow antlers during the summer and fall and shed them each spring. [5] While a few mules can carry live weight up to 160 kg (353 lb), the superiority of the mule becomes apparent in their additional endurance. The size of a mule and work to which it is put depend largely on the breeding of the mule's female parent (dam). From its dam it inherits speed, conformation, and agility. On his first three hunts, he took three nice mule deer bucks ( Odocoileus hemionus hemionus ) that any hunter would be proud to hang over their mantle. I have heard of impractical attempts to find out how much does life weigh. Edible Meat Weight will vary depending upon: How the deer is processed and How many times the deer was shot and what part(s) of the deer was shot. Many North American farmers with clay soil found mules superior as plow animals. From what we can gather, the heaviest whitetail ever shot was killed by a bow-hunter, John Annett of Ontario, in 1977. Little grass is produced in droughty periods. Mules from Appaloosa mares produce wildly colored mules, much like their Appaloosa horse relatives, but with even wilder skewed colors.