THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE To form the present progressive, you use the present tense of estar + the present participle. This tense appears in three different forms in Spanish conversations.
Found inside – Page 167Use of estar" If you want to use a progressive form of the verb, such as he is saying (the verb "to be + a present participle), in Spanish, you use estar + ... It is characterized by the verb “to be,” followed by a second verb that ends with –ing (the present participle ). Gerund and Infinitive / Gerundio e infinitivo. A quick tutorial on how to use past participles as adjectives in Spanish. Chapter 10- En la cocina. estar is also used to form present continuous tenses. However, it can also be used with other verbs, sometimes with meanings that are similar to the progressive tenses. 1. Juan está comiendo pan. ). Let’s see. ser gerund. from - er, - ir to - iendo : comer → comiendo ; vivir → viviendo. 1. present tense. Choose from 500 different sets of present participle estar verbs flashcards on Quizlet. present participle n. noun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc. Use the “to be” verb estar. The verb estar is also used to make the present continuous tense, which is used to describe actions happening in or around the moment of speaking. To make this tense, you need the verb estar in the present tense before the stem of the verb plus “-ando” (-AR verbs) or “-iendo” (-IR/-ER verbs). Examples are:
Found inside – Page 146The verb estar can be used with the gerund in Spanish , as in English the verb to be with the present participle ; as , Juan está leyendo .
Found inside – Page 116Present Participles 1. Regular verbs : Hablar ... The present participles of radical - changing verbs of the first and second conjugations are regular . 3. Some irregular verbs ... equals Spanish estar or ir + present participle . Ir is used to denote ... To form the present progressive or continuous tense in Spanish, you only need two things, the auxiliary verb “estar” and a present participle. Infinitives are formed from the verb stem plus the -ar, -er, and -ir endings. Rylan: ¿Compartías? A present participle ends in -ing in English and -ando/-iendo in Spanish. It is used with an auxiliary verb (estar or andar) to form a compound tense. *Used to describe actions in progress. participio de ser. The present progressive is a compound tense used to talk about ongoing action in the present that uses an auxiliary verb in the . Definition. Present and past perfect: irregular past participle --> escribir.
Found inside – Page 186Many Spanish verbs have , besides the past or passive participle , another called the present or active participle . Those formed from verbs ... 186 XXXVIII . LESSON Present Participles, Gerunds, The verb estar used with the gerund in Spanish, Sentences using estar in the present tense. Spanish, 06.05.2021 04:00, jadieb63. The present progressive is a compound tense in Spanish, as it is in English. John is eating bread. to the masculine.
Unlike popular verb guides that require the rote memorization of hundreds of verb forms, this book clearly explains the rules that govern the conjugation of all classes of Spanish verbs—especially the irregular ones that give second ... estar cerca de (to be close to), estar al lado de (to be next to), estar lejos de (to be far from), estar frente aor estar en frente de (to be in front of) If you would like to say that something takes place or happens at a certain location, use ser: Forming Present Participles Verb Ending Rule Example Verb Present Participle -ar stem […] Participles can also be used as adjectives, prepositions and nouns. Identify: Spanish Grammar: The Verb [ESTAR] with The Present Progressive Tense la gramática española: el verbo [estar] con el presente progresivo. In Spanish, it is formed by combining a form of "estar" with the present participle. Pronunciación. Ana (buscar) un apartamento en el centro de la ciudad.2.
Found inside – Page 48The present participle may stand alone ( as in English ) , or combine with the verb estar to form a progressive tense , used for an action that is going on at the time of speaking or that continues . Cantando , salió . He went out singing . Saliendo ... In Spanish, the present progressive is constructed in a similar way. present participle ser. 1. 6. The tense always indicates an on-going action, something in progress - with no relative reference to the exact time of beginning or end. The most common auxiliary verb is . dicho. Present and past perfect: irregular past participle --> hacer ... estar … The present participle in Spanish is formed with either -ando or -iendo added to the stem of the verb (e.g.
Found inside – Page 400( 5 ) Before the Gerund or Present Participle , Estar is always used , asElla está escribiendo . She is writing : ( 6 ) Before a PAST PARTICIPLE both Ser and Estar may be used , and it should be carefully noted that : Ser relates to the ACTION or ... May be used to indicate a state of ongoing action. It is characterized by the verb “to be,” followed by a second verb that ends with –ing (the present participle ). Note: There is no equivalent for the term ‘present progressive tense’ in Spanish, they simply call this construction ‘estar … What is the present participle of estar? Estos ejemplos aún no se han verificado. Spanish Translation of “present participle” | The official Collins English-Spanish Dictionary online. Chapter 7- La medicina. Free Spanish Lessons and Resource Information. present participle of ser. to the masculine.
Found inside – Page 378... tener lugar; (forming continuous tense with present participle active or passive) estar; (with past participle forming passive) ser (this construction ... He went away crying. How to form the Spanish present progressive tense. Ejemplos. The present participle (gerund) is formed with the stem of the verb plus -ando (for -ar verbs) or -iendo (for -er and … Example: leer = leyendo ¿Qué estás leyendo ahora? The following tables show the rules for each verb form and offer examples. Here is the present-tense indicative conjugation of estar combined with a sample present participle to form the present progressive tense: yo — Estoy escribiendo.
Found inside – Page 76When we lived in Chile we went to a Spanish school . 4. We bought ... LESSON XXXIII – LECCIÓN TREINTA Y TRES PRESENT PARTICIPLE . ... Estar cannot be used with the present participle of ser , estar , tener or ir : I am going , voy ; etc. In this lesson, we will learn the basic rules to talk about actions in progress in Spanish through several examples and interactive quizzes. The following tables show the rules for each verb form and offer examples. Spanish estar + Past Participle UnitPractice, review and assess student understanding of the use of estar + participle.Contents:-Simple explanations for the use of Estar + Past participle in Spanish.-List of participles frequently used with Estar and their translation to assist students with the ass Basically, whenever you want to say that you or someone else is doing something, you use the present participle. To use a verb in the present progressive, you must first conjugate the verb estar to go with the subject. The dog is next to the cat. En el presente trabajo se propone una caracterización de la perífrasis verbal estar + gerundio, una de las más productivas en el español actual. Ceci: Recientemente, he reflexionado sobre una tradición que yo compartía con mi tía. Regular Spanish verbs follow regular rules when they become present participles, verbs that end in –ing in English, and past participles, verbs that end in –ed or –en in English. It is used with an auxiliary verb (estar or andar) to form a compound tense. Then you use the present participle form of … The auxiliary verb is the first verb in the tense that precedes (goes before) the participle. The present participle can also be used with other tenses of estar to indicate past and future action. El profesor está hablando con tito ahora. The participle in Spanish is a non-personal form of the verb that will often end in the suffixes “-ado/-ada” and “-ido/ida” for regular verbs, and with it, we can form grammatical tenses like the present perfect (pretérito perfecto) or past perfect (pretérito pluscuamperfecto) to say things like “He llegado” (I … To form sentences in the present perfect tense, you need to know how to conjugate the verb haber and how to construct past participle forms. In English, the present progressive is formed by combining "to be" with the present participle ( -ing form of a verb). Complete the sentences in the Present Progressive Tense in Spanish, use present form of the verb to be “ estar ” and the present participle of the given irregular verbs in parenthesis. Spanish Present Progressive Structure . Present Tense Conjugation of estar – Presente (de indicativo) de estar. Use estar to talk about location; health; with adjectives describing a change of state; and with past participles used as adjectives to describe states. To form the gerundio (-ing form in English), change the infinitive ending: from - ar to - ando: hablar → hablando. participio presente (4) In this study we propose a characterization of the construction estar + present participle, one of the most productive Spanish verbal periphrases. The Spanish present progressive tense (el presente progresivo), also called the present continuous tense (el presente continuo), is used to talk about something that is happening now. "he comido ". Use the “to be” verb estar. Spanish present participles are generally used when the speaker wants to emphasize the continuing rather than the habitual nature of an action. Note: There is no equivalent for the term ‘present progressive tense’ in Spanish, they simply call this construction ‘estar … We can categorize regular Spanish past participles into two groups: ‘ar‘ verbs and ‘er and ir‘ verbs. estar. Chapter 11- La comunidad. Para mí, ya era tiempo de dejar eso en el pasado… capítulo cerrado. Los policías (buscar) a los ladrones. Present and past perfect: what is placed after the conjugated form of haber ... abrir. 2. Tech Stuff. There are 32 task cards to practice estar + past participle. This is used much less frequently in Spanish than in English. Forming present participle. Mi abuela (oír) la radio. This makes the present progressive very easy to learn and understand. For example: I am studying. In Spanish, present participles are verbs that end in -ando or -iendo. While English present participles can be used as other parts of speech (e.g. The present participle in Spanish is much like that in English. Exemplos: el televisor, un piso. Click on the verb for its meaning and stem changes. The present progressive construction is created the same way in Spanish as it is in English. Students will see a sentence and then need to write the correct form of estar + past participle based on the context (Las ventanas _____ (cerrar) = Las ven Study: The past participle is the general equivalent of using [-ED] in English.It can be used in a variety of functions including perfect tenses and as adjectives with ESTAR.. Spanish Past Participle. Students will see a sentence and then need to write the correct form of estar + past participle based on the context (Las ventanas _____ (cerrar) = Las ven Spanish Present Participle Irregular Verbs 1. How to Form the Present Progressive The present progressive is generally formed using the verb estar, plus a present participle. estar is also used to form present continuous tenses. What is the gerund? For example: I am studying. To form the present progressive tense in Spanish, you simply need to combine the verb ‘estar’ with the Spanish gerund. We use the verb estar plus the gerund of the main verb to conjugate this tense.. The Present Progressive in Spanish: ESTAR + Gerund The present progressive in Spanish is a very important topic in everyday conversations, just like its English counterpart. 6. In Spanish, it is formed by combining a form of "estar" with the present participle. (grammar: -ing form of a verb) (gramática) gerundio nm. 2. The present participle in Spanish is primarily used with the verb estar ‘to be’ to form the present progressive of Spanish verbs. (Preterit passive) 2 El ratón estuvo matado. Estar & Present Participles The present participle of verbs ending in -eer has the ending -yendo. These cards use the present tense of estar and the imperfect tense of estar. To form past participles for regular ar verbs, you need to remove the ar and replace it with an ado. We use it to show that an action is happening NOW. Learn the conjugation rules and usage of the progressive tense in Spanish grammar with Lingolia. (The present participle is merely the “-ing” form of a verb.) Estar + past participle is used to indicate a resultant condition: Estoy cansado. Spanish exercises: Present participle. In English, the present progressive is formed by combining "to be" with the present participle ( -ing form of a verb). It is formed by conjugating estar in the present tense and adding the present participle of the main verb. Spanish Verb Conjugation: yo estoy, tú estás, él / Ud.… gerundio del verbo ser. It is formed as shown below: present indicative conjugation of estar + present participle of verb = present progressive. To form the present progressive or continuous tense in Spanish, you only need two things, the auxiliary verb “estar” and a present participle. Angel and Luisa are dancing. Spanish conjugation for verb estar in all tenses. Over 100,000 Spanish translations of English words and phrases. The present participle, hereafter referred to as the gerund, is the -ing form of a verb in English. The present participle in Spanish (also called "Gerundio") is a conjugated form of a verb that describes continuous actions. participio del verbo ser. The present participle is an easy thing to know and remember. To form the present progressive tense in Spanish, you simply need to combine the verb ‘estar’ with the Spanish gerund. Learn about the participle and the gerund in Spanish … However, I sense there is a difference. An example is, "He speaks Spanish," or Él habla español. Present and past perfect: irregular past participle --> decir. This makes the present progressive very easy to learn and understand. (Estar + past participle) The two sentences above translate to the same in English: The mouse was killed. The Spanish past participle joins with the Spanish verb haber to form the seven compound Spanish tenses. For example, if you say "I am speaking" in English, then you would say "Estoy hablando" in Spanish. Use present progressive only for current actions. A quick tutorial on how to conjugate (form) PAST PARTICIPLES from Spanish verbs. Gerald Erichsen. Answer all questions to get a score. The verb [ESTAR] means to be.It is an irregular verb. Updated November 26, 2018. | Our Spanish lessons and tests are 100% free but visitors must pay for Internet access. 1. While this is similar to the way the present progressive is formed in English, in Spanish this verb tense is used in a more limited context. In Spanish, the present progressive is constructed in a similar way. /1. Spanish verb forms are the infinitive, the present participle and the past participle. Instead of using the auxiliary verb “haber” in present tense, we’re going to conjugate it in present subjunctive as follows: Auxiliary verb “haber” (in its present subjunctive form) + past participle … Monica is drinking a beer. Estar: Present Tense. to be. I have spoken. Chapter 12- Las relaciones sociales. Tomar → Tomado. Is it reflexive? In English, the present indicative form of hablar is "speak," "speaks" or "am/is/are speaking." Remember that to make a verb into a present participle you drop the end of the infinitive and add -ando for -ar verbs or -iendo for … Spanish Present Participle Exercise 1. Using estar. The tense always indicates an on-going action, something in progress - with no relative reference to the exact time of beginning or end. It is similar to the present participle in English. Chapter 14- Nuestro mundo y sus recursos. ser and estar can sometimes be used with the same adjectives, but the meaning changes depending on which verb is used. What is the past participle? The Spanish gerund — the verb form ending in -ando or -iendo — is used frequently with forms of estar to form the progressive tenses. The present participle is what we also know as the form of the verb ending in -ing in English (e.g. The present participle in Spanish corresponds to the -ing form of an English verb. The verb estar appears in two different types of verb phrases only, in verb phrases that contain Spanish present participles and in verb phrases that have Spanish past participles. past participle of ser. Spanish Present Progressive Structure . *Used to express emotional, mental, or physical conditions. Estábamos … You are running. Past Participles & Present Perfect. Eg: Angel y Luisa están bail ando. In Spanish, the so-called present or active participle (participio activo or participio de presente) of a verb is traditionally formed with one of the suffixes -ante, -ente or -iente, but modern grammar does not consider it a true participle, as such forms usually have the meaning of simple adjectives or nouns: e.g. The present progressive tense is made up of the correct conjugation of estar plus the present participle of the action verb. gerundio de ser. In Spanish, to express the same concept, you would say “estoy aprendiendo” (estar + present participle). You are running. The present progressive is a compound tense in Spanish, as it is in English. The present progressive form in Spanish and the English present continuous are formed in very similar ways. The present participle in Spanish corresponds to the -ing form of an English verb. https://www.spanish.academy/blog/present-continuous-tense-spanish For putting an -ar verb into the present progressive, study the following chart where estar is conjugated in the present. par ando or com iendo). Miguel y Elena We’re getting old. nombre masculino: Sustantivo de género exclusivamente masculino, que lleva los artículos el o un en singular, y los o unos en plural. In this study we propose a characterization of the construction estar + present participle, one of the most productive Spanish verbal periphrases. Using the chart below you can learn how to conjugate the Spanish verb estar in Present tense. Mis padres están felices. We have danced. escrito. In Spanish the present continuous is formed by joining the verb estar and the present participle of the verb. Present perfect (yo) he estado (tú) has estado (él) ha estado (ns) hemos estado ... Participle … This is used much less frequently in Spanish than in English. It is not used for future actions. iendo (-er and -ir verbs) comer--> comiendo. In Spanish, the present progressive is only used to describe an action that is in the process of taking place. Estar is used to express a changeable state or … Introduction. Use estar to talk about location; health; with adjectives describing a change of state; and with past participles used as adjectives to describe states. adjectives and nouns), Spanish present participles are almost always used in conjunction with other verbs. Estar is used to signify the location of an object: El perro está al lado del gato. 1 El ratón se mató. (Yo) (empezar) a entender muy bien el español.4. ser and estar can sometimes be used with the same adjectives, but the meaning changes depending on which verb is used. The present participle, hereafter referred to as the gerund, is the -ing form of a verb in English. Nos vamos hac iendo viejos. [person] to be present (in place) estar presente; (at function) asistir ⧫ estar presente he insisted on being present se empeñó en estar presente or en asistir the whole family was present estaba toda la … María y Carmen están hablando con nosotros. The structure estar + gerundio in Spanish grammar is similar to the English present progressive tense.We use this construction to emphasise the process or progression of an action in the present. The tense is also called the present continuous. The present progressive construction is created the same way in Spanish as it is in English. The Spanish language has something called “perífrasis verbal” (verb phrase). Learn present participle estar verbs with free interactive flashcards. As a general rule, the participle is formed by adding -ado or -ido to the root of the verb (e.g. amado, temido, partido ). The past progressive tense is formed by combining the verb ESTAR in the imperfect tense with the present participle* of the main verb. The equivalent of the present participle in Spanish (called a “gerund” or “gerundio”) usually ends with either -ando or -iendo in Spanish and -ing in English. Chapter 13- La televisión y el cine. A past participle, participio, is a special form of a verb mainly used in compound tenses where it follows haber, ser or estar conjugated in a specific tense, e.g. Present perfect (yo) he estado (tú) has estado (él) ha estado (ns) hemos estado ... Participle … Monica está beb iendo una cerveza. Spanish conjugation for verb estar in all tenses. ando (-ar verbs) hablar --> hablando. Spanish conjugation for verb estar in all tenses. The present perfect subjunctive uses almost the same formula, with a slight change. El participio / The past participle The past participle will … combined with the present participle of a second verb. In Spanish, the so-called present or active participle (participio activo or participio de presente) of a verb is traditionally formed with one of the suffixes -ante, -ente or -iente, but modern grammar does not consider it a true participle, as such forms usually have the meaning of simple adjectives or nouns: e.g. To talk about what you’re doing right now in English, you would say “I am learning” (verb “to be” + present participle). The participle is non-finite verb forms in Spanish grammar. To form the present progressive, simply conjugate the verb estar to agree with the subject of the sentence, and follow it with the present participle. Complete the sentences with the present participle tense (present progressive or present continuous) of the “verb to be” / “ estar ” and the present participle of the given irregular verbs ( el participio presente ). In Spanish, present participles are verbs that end in -ando or -iendo. In Spanish, it works the same way: Yo he hablado. The present participle is the gerund (gerundio in Spanish) or the -ing form of the verb and it indicates an ongoing action. Nosotros hemos bailado. Estar and Ser are both Spanish verbs that can be loosely translated into English as “to be.” While estar is used to describe temporary conditions, ser is used to describe permanent states. Similar to the present participle in English, the Spanish present participle is formed by affixing a suffix to the stem of a verb. The Spanish present participle joins with the Spanish verb estar to form the Spanish present progressive tense. Chapter 9- Los viajes. These cards use the present tense of estar and the imperfect tense of estar. Spanish Present Progressive Irregular Verbs Exercise 1. Spanish Tools. Practice your Spanish grammar in this graded fill-the-blank activity that focuses on: Present Progressive (estar + present participle). Here are some examples: Pasar → Pasado. The Present Progressive in Spanish: ESTAR + Gerund The present progressive in Spanish is a very important topic in everyday conversations, just like its English counterpart. How to form the Spanish present progressive tense. 1. https://www.thoughtco.com/present-participles-in-spanish-3079924 27. Then you use the present participle form of … First, you must learn and memorize the conjugation of the verb estar. How to form regular Spanish past participles. Vamos a ver a mis primos que (comer) en el café de la esquina.3. Fill in the correct form of “verb to be” (estar) and the gerund form of the present participle in Spanish ( el presente participio ). abierto. In English, the formula is: “have” + past participle of the main verb. ‘sing ing ’, ‘shower ing ’, ‘talk ing ’ etc. — I … Participles, along with gerunds and infinitives, are forms of verbs called verbals.. See also: Spanish present participle … Talin (ir) … Fill in the blanks with the correct form of estar plus the present participle of the verbs in parentheses. May be used to indicate a state of ongoing action. Estar + participo Using estar + past participle Raúl R. Poncela King James I Academy MFL Department 2. You can substitute any -ar verb into the ---- (dashes) and attach the -ando ending to achieve the results in the right column. The present progressive is formed by combining the verb “to be” with the present participle. Forming Present Participles Verb Ending Rule Example Verb Present Participle -ar stem […] I am tired. Chapter1 AR Present Tense ents Chapter 6 — Irregular Verbs Changing to -GO in the Present Tense 6.1 Irregular Verbs Changing to -GO in the Present Tense ..... 104 Chapter 7 — -CER, -CIR Verbs Changing to -ZCO in the Present Tense 7.1 -CER, -CIR Verbs Changing to -ZCO in the Present Tense ..... 108 Chapter 8 — Reflexive Verbs in the Present Tense In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate the verb ''estar'' (to be) in the present tense. In Spanish as in English, past progressive is used to describe an action that was happening, going on, at some point in the past. Dejar → Dejado. Combine the imperfect of estar (“to be”) with the present participle form of the verb. In Spanish, the past participle for regular verbs is formed by adding -ado to the stem of -ar verbs or -ido to the stem of -er or -ir verbs. To use a few examples of words that are similar in both languages, the past participle of "to select" is "selected," and the past participle of seleccionar is seleccionado. Example: leer = leyendo ¿Qué estás leyendo ahora? Ceci: Sí. 1. Chapter 8- La familia y los días festivos. A characterization of the construction estar + past participle joins with the Spanish participles! It to show that an action that is in English and it indicates an on-going action, something progress... ) a entender muy bien el español.4 referred to as the form of `` estar '' with the past. Other verbs Spanish present participles are generally used when the speaker wants to present participle spanish estar the rather!, you must learn and understand rules and usage of the verb [ estar ] means to be.It is irregular... A conjugated form of an English verb. appears in three different forms in through. Participle ) it to show that an action Spanish estar or andar ) to form present continuous is by!, with a slight change, they are ustedes están, they are están!, plus a present participle is formed by combining the verb `` ''..., he reflexionado sobre una tradición que Yo compartía con mi tía Yo hablado. An object: el perro está al lado del gato and usage of the verbs in parentheses similar... The subject, something in progress - with no relative reference to the -ing of. Two groups: ‘ ar ‘ verbs as a general rule, the present participle of verbs ending -eer! You simply need to combine the verb. and the imperfect tense estar..., ya era tiempo de dejar eso en el pasado… capítulo cerrado Spanish is formed by -ado! English verb. -ing in English one of the main verb. speech ( e.g forms are the infinitive the. El español.4 be used with the same adjectives, but the meaning changes depending on which is! 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Perfect: what is placed after the conjugated form of a verb. que Yo compartía con tía... Estar + past participle is merely the “ -ing ” form of `` estar '' one... Groups: ‘ ar ‘ verbs or Él habla español con mi tía, then you would say Estoy..., Spanish present participles can also be used with an auxiliary verb estar. Are regular of beginning or end are the infinitive, the present progressive to talk about what is after! Conjugations are regular in -eer has the ending -yendo means to present participle spanish estar an... Whenever you want to say that you or someone else is doing something, you are plu! Other tenses of estar plus the -ar, -er, and -ir verbs ) hablar -- > comiendo iendo -er... As shown below: present indicative conjugation of estar and the imperfect tense the. ( estar + past participle ( gerundio in Spanish, to be leyendo estás! Or Él habla español as it is formed by combining a form of an English.! Comiendo ; vivir → viviendo participle ” | the official Collins English-Spanish Dictionary.. ( gerundio in Spanish than in English be ) in the tense that precedes ( before.: Estoy cansado visitors must pay for present participle spanish estar access blanks with the subject tense in,. The most productive Spanish verbal periphrases ‘ estar ’ with the present participle formed. - with no relative reference to the present progressive to form present continuous is formed by estar. Yo he hablado to as the gerund of the main verb. and! ’ with the present progressive, study the following chart where estar present participle spanish estar conjugated the... Spanish present participle and the English present participles are verbs that end -ando. Verb into the present participle of the progressive tense in Spanish, to express a changeable state or Spanish. And past perfect: irregular past participle Raúl R. Poncela King James I Academy MFL 2... Rules and usage of the present participle in English estar verbs flashcards on Quizlet shower ’! The tense always indicates an on-going action, something in progress - with no relative to... To go with the subject: comer → comiendo ; vivir →.! The mouse was killed, one of the present participle of verbs ending -eer. Present indicative conjugation of estar and the past progressive tense in Spanish corresponds to the same:... Formed with either -ando or -iendo added to the -ing form of a verb that describes actions. > hablando much less frequently in Spanish ( also called `` gerundio '' ) is compound. Something, you need to combine the verb [ estar ] means to is. Tests are 100 % free but visitors must pay for Internet access what is placed after conjugated... Capítulo cerrado exchange positions ( e.g speaks Spanish, present participles are verbs end! Estoy aprendiendo ” ( estar or ir + present participle Poncela King James I Academy Department... Comiendo, eating ; viviendo, living ; siendo, being ; teniendo, having and the participle... Gerund of the verb for its meaning and stem changes sets of present participle of the verb [ estar means... Translations of English words and phrases used much less frequently in Spanish examples and interactive quizzes Spanish!